In 20, the sugarcane aphid, melanaphis sacchari zehntner hemiptera. Recent invasion by this prolific pest has created demand for evaluation of insecticides that also are favorable for conservation of. The status of research of its geographical distribution, host range, nature of damage, extent of crop losses, and ecobiology in sorghum is summarized and research programs in different countries are. A study was conducted to determine the effect of leaf feeding by the aphid, melanaphis sacchari, on grain quality of sorghum.
Low genetic diversity in melanaphis sacchari aphid. Download pdf download for windows now from softonic. It was first observed in sorghum in 20 in texas, but high infestations caused important losses in 2014 in several southern states louisiana, mississippi, and oklahoma. Evaluation in field of insecticides on melanaphis sacchari. It also readily transmits certain strains of the nonpersistent scmv. Download free pdf reader for windows now from softonic. The sugarcane aphid, melanaphis sacchari zehntner, 1897 is a key pest on sorghum and sugarcane in many areas of africa, asia, australia, the far east, and parts of central and south america. Hemiptera represent one of the greatest threats to agricultural production worldwide. Biology, ecology, and impact of melanaphis sacchari in.
Sugarcane aphid, melanaphis sacchari zehntner hemiptera. Feeding behavior of melanaphis sacchari zehntner hemiptera. Since 20, sugarcane aphid, melanaphis sacchari has become a perennial and significant pest in the southern united states. Aphididae, a new invasive pest of sorghum species in north america, was confirmed on sorghum in 4 states and 38 counties in the united states. Resistance to melanaphis sacchari in the sugarcane. The sugarcane aphid sca melanaphis sacchari zehntner hemiptera. Invasion of sorghum in the americas by a new sugarcane. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. New oviparous morph of melanaphis sacchari zehntner on sorghum. The objective of this research was to identify the sugarcane aphid, melanaphis. Hemipteran pests directly injure plants as well as vector diseasecausing plant pathogens. Host plant resistance can be deployed to minimize the losses due to this pest.
Sugarcane aphid melanaphis sacchari zehntner emerged in the united states in 20 as a new pest infesting sorghum sorghum bicolor l. Biology and management of the sugarcane aphid, melanaphis. The sugarcane aphid, melanaphis sacchari, in florida. Virus transmission was confirmed through rtpcr assays and subsequently scylv population was established through rtqpcr. However, with a recent objective to produce more forage, association of maize with other crops including johnsongrass, sorghum halepense l. Aphididae, in sorghum article pdf available january 2016 with 60 reads. We examined their toxicity to hippodamia convergens guerinmeneville, an important. College of agriculture, navsari agricultural university, navasari gujarat india introduction sorghum aphids, melanaphis sacchari is distributed in asia, africa and the america. Rooney susceptiblity of sorghum hybrids to the sugarcane aphid, melanaphis sacchari, in central mexico, southwestern entomologist 443, 771774, 27 september 2019. We assessed the incidence of aphids in a field trial comparing 181 sugarcane cultivars.
Discovery of the sugarcane aphid, melanaphis sacchari zehntner, 1897 in argentina and uruguay. Melanaphis sacchari sorghi complex was taken from 200 specimens obtained from 20 of 29 collections from sorghum bicolor l. Resistance was characterized in cultivar r 365, using a 3. In this video, we created simple steps how to how to download and install free pdf reader. Potential population growth of melanaphis sacchari.
This study focuses on the resistance of sugarcane, saccharum spec. Moench, in the united states in florida as early 1922 wilbrink 1922, and later confirmed by denmark 1988, although it also has a history of infesting sugarcane, saccharum officinarum l. Aphididae, is now widely established in sorghum, sorghum bicolor l. Aphididae, which vectors sugarcane yellow leaf virus scylv. Reaction of different sorghum genotypes to infestation by. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. But association has brought infestation by new pests. Whereas the reciprocal effects were generally negative for sugarcane aphid, the specific life history impacts varied with sorghum cultivar. Influence of different weather parameteres on aphid. Here we listed some of the best pdf readers for windows, which can help you to view your pdf files. Abstractnumerous studies have examined the genetic diversity and genetic structure of invading species, with. Melanaphis sacchari is also an important pest of sugarcane throughout the world, including louisiana, florida, and texas as a vector of sugarcane yellow leaf virus. Unfortunately, it has been found in the united states. This page was last edited on 14 september 2017, at 21.
It is mostly found in saccharum and sorghum species references. The objective of this study was to analyse the genotypic variability of sugarcane resistance to the main aphid vector of the sugarcane yellow leaf virus scylv polerovirus, luteoviridae, melanaphis sacchari. Free choice and nochoice tests were conducted to explore the functional categories of resistance. Sugarcane aphid, melanaphis sacchari, is emerging as a serious pest of sorghum during periods of prolonged drought or low humidity. Poaceae, to the sugarcane aphid, melanaphis sacchari zehntner hemiptera.
The sugarcane aphid melanaphis sacchari zehtner is present in more than thirty countries and feeds on twenty species of graminaceous plants singh et al. Susceptiblity of sorghum hybrids to the sugarcane aphid. Melanaphis sacchari 1, a new pest of sorghum halepense at. Each subblock was planted with ten similar sorghum hybrids. Aphididae, is an important pest of sorghum sorghum bicolor l. In louisiana, where melanaphis sacchari is also present, the threat of sycl is so great that seed programs screen for the disease as a part of certification standards for micropropagated seedcane. Effect of leaf feeding by melanaphis sacchari zehntner. Feeding by sugarcane aphid, melanaphis sacchari, on. Melanaphis sacchari an overview sciencedirect topics. Recruitment of aphidophagous arthropods to sorghum plants.
Insects free fulltext hemipteran pests of sugarcane. Studies were conducted on the virus transmission by sugarcane aphid melanaphis sacchari in sugarcane by inoculating virus free meristem derived from micro propagated plants of sugarcane cv co 86032 with viruliferous aphids. The sugarcane aphid melanaphis sacchari zehntner homoptera. Aphididae in sorghum bicolor poaceae volume 33 issue 4. In the united states us, the sugarcane aphid sca melanaphis sacchari zehnter hemiptera. Madhusudhana, in breeding sorghum for diverse end uses, 2019. Species diversity of entomopathogenic fungi infecting the. Evaluation of a diverse array of sorghum genotypes for resistance to this pest in andhra pradesh, india, indicated that csh 9, dj 6514, icsv 197, icsv 745, is 14334, is. Quantification of sugarcane yellow leaf virus in sugarcane.
In 2015, the aphid was reported on sorghum in 17 states and over 400 counties as well as all sorghumproducing. Download fulltext pdf identification of lecanicillium longisporum associated with melanaphis sacchari hemiptera. Aphid, melanaphis sacchari appeared in 48th or 49th standard week sw and peaked in 3rd or 4th sw and declined thereafter before disappearing in 7th sw on rabi postrainy sorghum. Read pdf files right in your browser the pdf download extension. Phenotyping for resistance to the sugarcane aphid melanaphis sacchari hemiptera. Melanaphis sacchari dna from 46 samples from 17 locations across seven states and one us territory was. Aphididae was introduced in the 1970s, however at that time it was only considered a pest of sugarcane. The loss in grain and fodder yield due to aphid was 16. Infesting the plants with aphidinfested leaf cuttings and covering with a nylon net was. Therefore, we tested a number of techniques to screen sorghum genotypes for their resistance to m.
The honeydew secreted by aphids favours the development of sooty mould, which hinders the photosynthesis by enveloping the green laves leading to reduction in fodder quality and grain yield. Constitutive concentrations of total phenolics and available carbohydrates, water. Influence of different weather parameteres on aphid, melanaphis sacchari infesting kharif sorghum d. In florida, scyl causes a loss in cane and sugar production of 7 and 4% respectively. Aphididae, the sugarcane aphid, is a new invasive pest of sorghum in southern u. Sorghum, sorghum bicolor, is increasing importance as human food, animal forage, and a source for biofuel production. Journal of plant registrations abstract germplasm registration of sorghum germplasm tx3408 and tx3409 with tolerance to sugarcane aphid melanaphis sacchari zehntner view my binders. Moench poaceae, production areas of the usa, and is an important economic pest. The sugarcane aphid, melanaphis sacchari hemiptera. Flupyradifurone and sulfoxaflor present novel insecticide chemistries with particular efficacy against aphids, and the recent emergence of sugarcane aphid, melanaphis sacchari zehntner, as a pest of sorghum in the united states has resulted in their widespread use. Natural plant resistance to this pest offers the best option for sustainable lowcost management.
Aphi didae is an invasive species and the most important insect pest of sorghum spp. The status of research of its geographical distribution, host range, nature of damage, extent of crop losses, and ecobiology in sorghum is summarized and research programs in. The pdf file you selected should load here if your web browser has a pdf reader plugin installed for example, a recent version of adobe acrobat reader if you would like more information about how to print, save, and work with pdfs, highwire press provides a helpful frequently asked questions about pdfs alternatively, you can download the pdf file directly to your computer. Populations of the sugarcane aphid, melanaphis sacchari, reached unprecedented levels in 20 and 2014, devastating grain sorghum throughout the midsouth and southeastern united states. One subblock was protected from aphid infestation by means of insecticide application while the other was allowed to become infested by aphids. The sugarcane aphid, melanaphis sacchari, is an aphid in the superfamily aphidoidea in the order hemiptera. To calculate economic thresholds, population growth parameters under varied temperature conditions are needed. A new sorghum insect pest in mexico, southwestern entomologist 402, 433434, 1 june 2015. Genotypic variability of sugarcane resistance to the aphid. Pdf the sugarcane aphid, melanaphis sacchari, in florida. Aphididae was first discovered on sorghum sorghum bicolor l. Open, download, or view adobe acrobat files as pdf or html files in your browser.
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